Present Perfect

Masa Lalu Terhubung ke Kini

Kejadian lampau yang masih penting sekarang.

A past action that still matters now.

Lihat di garis waktu

Kapan kejadiannya? Tekan Putar, lalu jelajahi tiap adegan.

I have lived in Denpasar for five years.

Mulai di masa lalu dan masih benar sekarang — waktunya belum selesai. Started in the past and still true now — the time isn't finished.

Adegan 1 dari 3

Positif subject + have / has + past participle (verb-3)

−

Negatif subject + have / has + not + past participle

Tanya Have / Has + subject + past participle?

Waktu belum selesai Unfinished time (for / since)

We have known each other since 2018. Kami saling kenal sejak 2018.
Pengalaman hidup Life experience (ever / never)

Have you ever eaten durian? Pernahkah kamu makan durian?
Kejadian lampau dengan hasil sekarang A past action with a result now

I have lost my wallet. (I have no money now.) Saya kehilangan dompet. (Sekarang tidak punya uang.)
Kabar terbaru Recent news (just / already / yet)

The bus has just left. Bus baru saja berangkat.

forsinceeverneverjustalreadyyetso far

Kesalahan yang sering dibuat penutur bahasa Indonesia.

✗ I have seen him yesterday.

✓ I saw him yesterday.

Waktu lampau tertentu (yesterday) memakai Past Simple, bukan Present Perfect.
✗ She has went to the market.

✓ She has gone to the market.

Setelah has gunakan bentuk ke-3 (gone), bukan went.
✗ I have ate already.

✓ I have eaten already.

Bentuk ke-3 dari eat adalah eaten, bukan ate.
✗ He have finished the work.

✓ He has finished the work.

Untuk he / she / it gunakan has, bukan have.
✗ We have lived here since three years.

✓ We have lived here for three years.

Gunakan for + lama waktu, since + titik mulai.

Present Perfect vs. Past Simple.

I have lost my key. (now I can't get in)

I lost my key yesterday.

Hasil sampai sekarang vs. kejadian lampau saja.
Have you seen this film?

Did you see the film last night?

Pengalaman (kapan pun) vs. waktu tertentu.
She has lived here for years.

She lived here in 2010.

Masih tinggal sekarang vs. dulu, sudah selesai.
The bus has just arrived.

The bus arrived ten minutes ago.

Baru saja (terasa sekarang) vs. waktu lampau jelas.

Tiga soal singkat. Coba dulu sebelum lanjut.

I ___ my wallet, so I can't pay now.

Saya ___ dompet, jadi tidak bisa bayar sekarang.
Find and fix the mistake: I have seen him yesterday.

Temukan dan perbaiki: I have seen him yesterday.
We have known each other ___ 2018.

Kami saling kenal ___ 2018.